First, the principle of paint classification
Paint classification is based on its film-forming substance. Film-forming substances are currently divided into 18 categories
Second, the introduction of basic coating products
1. Clear oil (cooked oil or fish oil)
It is made of dry oil or semi-dry oil, or dry oil and semi-dry oil heated and a small amount of drier added, and is a transparent viscous liquid from light yellow to brownish yellow. The clear oil can be used alone, or it can be used to adjust the thick lacquer and red powder.
2. Varnish
It is a transparent lacquer without pigments. It is a coating made of resins and solvents or dry oils, resins, solvents and driers.
3. Thick lacquer
Also known as lead oil. It is a slurry paint made of a mixture of dry oil, coloring pigments, and physique pigments. When used, it shouldAdd 20%-40% clear oil to adjust to the viscosity suitable for construction, and add a small amount of solvent if necessary. This lacquer dries slowly,The paint film is soft and has anti-sticking phenomenon in hot and humid weather.
4. Blend paint
That is, the lacquer has been prepared and can be used without adding any materials when using. Blending paint can be divided into two types: oil-based blending paint and magnetic blending paint.
(1) Oil-based blended paint is made by refining grease and pigment after grinding and adding solvent and drier. Its characteristics are;The adhesion and weather resistance of the paint film are good, but the hardness, gloss and smoothness are worse than those of magnetic paint.
(2) Oil-based paints for magnetic blending paints (mainly dry oil and glycerin rosin, or lime rosin, or partially modifiedphenolic resin), plus coloring pigments and physique pigments grinding. In its composition, the ratio of resin to oil is more than 1:3. Its characteristics are: the dryness, hardness and gloss of the paint film are better than those of oil-based blending paint, but it is not as durable as oil-based blending paint, and it is easy to fade, chalk and crack.
5. Magnetic paint
Also known as resin paint. It is a pigment made by mixing varnish and coloring pigments. Magnetic paint is divided into long oiliness (resin (oil = 1:3 to 1:5) and medium oiliness (resin (oil 1:0.5 to 1:2). Its characteristics are: the paint film of long oil magnetic paint is flexible and has good weather resistance; Short-oil magnetic enamel dries quickly, has good gloss, high hardness and wear-resistant, but has poor weather resistance; Medium oil enamel performance is somewhere in between. Most of the names of magnetic paints are named after resins, such as phenolic magnetic paint, alkyd magnetic paint, etc.
6. Baking paint
Also known as baking paint. That is, after being applied to the substrate, it needs to be baked to dry the paint to form a film.
7. Primer
A coating that is applied directly to the surface of the substrate as the base for the topcoat. According to the use of different primers can be divided into: epoxy primer, phenolic primer and so on. Depending on the object (substrate material), primers can be divided into metal primers and wood primers.
8. Putty
Also known as greasy. It is a paste made by adding a small amount of lacquer to various fillers. It is mainly used before priming and applying it to the surface of the object to make it flat.
9. Water-soluble paint, latex paint
Paints that can be used as a thinner with water. Water-soluble paint is a paint with water-soluble resin as the main component, and latex paint is a paint with latex (synthetic resin) as the main component.
10. Lacquer
i.e. natural lacquer. The characteristics of this paint are: paint film durability, acid resistance, oil resistance, water resistance, and soil corrosion resistance are good. The paint film is hard and shiny.
