The waterproof performance of concrete structures directly affects the safety and service life of construction projects. In surface and underground concrete engineering, water leakage problems are common and complex, mainly including leakage of structural joints, leakage caused by cracks, and leakage after concrete corrosion. These problems are closely related to the factors such as concrete pouring, transportation, construction and later foundation settlement, so the reasonable selection of waterproof coating has become the key to solving the problem.
Analysis of the causes of concrete water leakage problems
Structural cracks
During construction and use, concrete is prone to cracks due to vibration, foundation settlement, load changes, etc., and these cracks provide a channel for water infiltration.
Aggression by corrosive media
Groundwater often contains chemicals such as sulfates and chlorides. By reacting with the chemical components in the concrete, these media gradually destroy its structure, creating a risk of leakage.
The role and classification of waterproof coatings
Waterproofing coatings are an efficient way to solve the problem of concrete leakage. By forming a closed protective film on the surface of the concrete, it effectively prevents the penetration of moisture and corrosive media. According to the composition and the performance of use.
Solvent-based coatings –Including tar polyurethane, epoxy tar, etc., it has strong adhesion performance and durability.
Water emulsion coatings –Such as emulsified asphalt, nitrile latex, etc., good environmental performance, convenient construction.
Reactive Coatings –For example, chlorosulfonated polyethylene coatings and modified epoxy coatings have excellent water and corrosion resistance.
Features and properties of waterproofing coatings
Excellent adhesive properties
The coating can be tightly bonded to the concrete surface, does not peel off easily, and has excellent resistance to moisture and heat.
Good ductility and waterproofing effect
The elasticity of the coating allows it to adapt to slight deformations of concrete, preventing water seepage from cracks.
Easy to apply
Scraping, high-pressure spraying and other processes are adopted, which is convenient to operate and has a short construction period.
The economic and social benefits are significant
Waterproofing coatings are cost-effective and can effectively extend the service life of buildings.
Formulation and application of typical waterproofing coatings
Tar Modified Epoxy Coatings-It is made of epoxy modifier mixed with coal tar, which has high strength and good corrosion resistance.
Chlorosulfonated polyethylene coatings-The formula contains chlorosulfonated polyethylene, coal tar and additives to form a coating with excellent abrasion resistance and water resistance.
During construction, it is necessary to ensure that the substrate is clean and dry, and the paint mixing and painting work should be completed within the specified time. Each coating needs to be applied evenly to avoid missing or uneven thicknesses.
Quality standards for concrete waterproofing coatings
Adhesive strength: ≥0.4 MPa.
Crack resistance: no leakage under the crack width of 0.3 mm and water pressure of 0.6 MPa.
Abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance: in line with national standards, it can resist long-term chemical and biological corrosion.
The development direction of waterproof coatings
With the continuous progress of construction engineering technology, concrete waterproof coatings are also developing in the direction of environmental protection and intelligence.
Eco-friendly coatings – using non-toxic, harmless raw materials to reduce environmental impact.
Functional coatings, such as temperature-regulating or antimicrobial coatings, provide multiple layers of protection for buildings.
summary
Concrete waterproofing coatings are increasingly used in engineering protection, which can not only effectively solve the problem of water leakage, but also significantly extend the service life of buildings. Through technological improvements and product innovations, the performance of waterproofing coatings will continue to improve, driving the construction industry to achieve higher quality and efficiency.
