Electrochemical instruments are widely used in chemical analysis, environmental monitoring, biomedicine, and other fields, and their measurement accuracy and service life directly depend on correct usage methods and standardized maintenance operations. The following will systematically sort out the core points of the use and maintenance of electrochemical instruments from the three dimensions of general requirements, special precautions for potentiometers and safety of polar analysis studios.
General use and maintenance requirements
The normal operation of electrochemical instruments first depends on suitable environmental conditions, usually the ambient temperature needs to be controlled between 5-40°C, too high a temperature will lead to degradation or even failure of internal electronic components, too low may cause electrolyte solidification or delay in instrument response; The ambient humidity needs to be kept below 85%, and high humidity can easily cause internal condensate to form, causing short circuits and corrosion of metal components. The power supply needs to be connected to a stable power supply of 220V±10% and 50Hz, and it is recommended to use it with a voltage regulator to avoid voltage fluctuations causing abnormal operation or data deviations of the instrument.
Before using the instrument for the first time, you must carefully study the manual, fully grasp the measurement range, accuracy, response time and other performance parameters of the instrument, and at the same time be familiar with the basic operations such as start-up, shutdown, parameter setting and electrode loading and unloading through practical exercises. If the instrument needs to be stored for a long time, especially in humid seasons or environments, it should be powered on for at least 1-2 hours a week to use the heat generated during the operation of the instrument to disperse internal moisture and prevent mildew from affecting performance. In daily operation, if you accidentally spill water on the instrument cover or panel, you need to turn off the power immediately to avoid a short circuit, wipe the surface moisture first, and then open the upper cover to check whether there is water inside the chassis. When adjusting the instrument knob, it is necessary to rotate slowly to avoid damaging the internal potentiometer or gear due to rapid operation, which will affect the adjustment accuracy and service life. In addition, when measuring unknown solutions, the principle of sensitivity selection from small to large should be followed, and the initial measurement should be made with low sensitivity first, and then gradually increased if the signal is weak, so as to prevent the output signal from over-range due to excessive sensitivity, which will affect the measurement accuracy or damage the instrument.
Special precautions
Due to the high input impedance, the potentiometer needs to pay attention to special points on the basis of general maintenance: its input terminal (PZ electrode socket) should always be clean, the plug connector should be protected from moisture and dust intrusion when idle, and the electrode plug should be wiped clean with filter paper or dry cloth before use in a high humidity environment to ensure that the electrical connection is good to avoid contact resistance affecting the accuracy; The use of glass membrane electrodes should be protected from collision with glass bulbs, and the head of the mercury reference electrode should be slightly lowered during installation to prevent the bulb from hitting the bottom of the cup when shaking, and the bubbles should be regularly checked and eliminated to ensure that the salt bridge solution is submerged in the small glass tube inside, and it is strictly forbidden to soak in distilled water.
In addition, the glass film and solid film electrode need to be wiped off with medical cotton before use, rinsed with distilled water and soaked in distilled water for later use; The positioning of the low-concentration solution can be increased by using the electromagnetic stirrer, but the agitator needs to be turned off during reading; Plastic containers for trace ion measurement, containers and electrodes need to be cleaned according to specifications, and filter paper cannot be used to absorb water droplets from the electrodes; After measuring the concentrated solution, the dilute solution needs to be thoroughly cleaned and soaked in ionized water for several hours; Electrode readings are delayed when the temperature is below 15°C, you can heat up or wait patiently; When the positioning cannot adjust the standard concentration, it is necessary to check the electrode pairing, especially the quality of the mercury electrode, and the instrument needs to be placed in a dry, clean and non-corrosive gas environment.
Safety requirements
Although modern polar spectroscopy methods are developing in the direction of less mercury and no mercury, mercury is still widely used in arctographic analysis, and mercury can enter the human body through the respiratory tract, skin and other channels, damaging the nervous system and kidneys, so the studio needs to take strict protective measures. The polarometer should be installed on a polished terrazzo workbench with a slight inclination to facilitate the collection of spilled mercury droplets, prevent the mercury droplets from rolling and expand the scope of pollution, and once mercury spilled occurs, it can be collected and treated along the inclined countertop in time. At the same time, the studio must be equipped with a ground exhaust fan to ensure that the volatile mercury vapor is eliminated in real time, avoid its accumulation in the room, and ensure the health of the operator.
summary
To sum up, the use and maintenance of electrochemical instruments need to take into account both general specifications and special requirements. At the general level, it is necessary to strictly control environmental conditions, standardize the initial use process, and do a good job in daily operation and storage and maintenance to lay the foundation for the stable operation of the instrument. For special instruments such as potentiometers, it is necessary to focus on the cleaning of the input terminal, the use and maintenance details of various electrodes, and the operation skills in special measurement scenarios to ensure measurement accuracy. The Polar Spectrum Analysis Studio needs to focus on the safety protection of mercury, implement the relevant requirements of workbenches and ventilation equipment, and ensure the health of personnel. Only by fully implementing these points can we effectively improve the measurement accuracy of instruments, extend the service life, ensure the safety of experimental operations, and provide reliable support for research and application in related fields.
