The general situation of the development of food packaging technology
In the initial stage, natural substances are used as packaging materials, which are packaged manually.
In the primary stage, natural materials are processed once to make straw ropes, sacks, bamboo baskets, etc., and are packaged by hand.
In the development stage, natural materials are processed many times to make a variety of packaging containers and sealing, binding, wrapping and protective coating materials, and print patterns and decorate them, and use mechanized packaging. In 1800, French Nicholas Appert invented cans . This is an important milestone in food preservation.
In the modernization stage, new technologies, new materials, and new equipment are constantly emerging. Packaged food has a wide variety of designs and colors, and the output, production efficiency and degree of automation have been greatly improved.
Packaging has shifted from the purpose of simply preserving and exchanging surplus food to the purpose of trade.
Classified according to the role in the circulation process
Transport packaging, also known as bulk packaging (or outer packaging), refers to the packaging form of a larger unit used for safe transportation and protection of goods, such as wooden boxes, cartons, and pallet packaging. Larger volume, high degree of standardization of external dimensions, strong and durable. It should have a good protection function and convenient storage, transportation, loading and unloading functions, and its surface has obvious text descriptions or diagrams for storage and transportation precautions (rainproof, not upside down, etc.).
Sales packaging, also known as small packaging, usually refers to a packaging form in which one commodity is a sales unit. Not only should it have a protective effect on the product, but also pay more attention to the promotion and value-added functions of the packaging. Printing decoration requirements are higher.
Classification by packaging structure
Skin packaging, blister packaging, shrink packaging, stretch packaging
Classification by Packaging Technology
Vacuum and air-filled packaging, deoxygenation, moisture-proof packaging, aseptic packaging
food packaging
Wrap food by using appropriate packaging materials, containers and packaging techniques so that the food maintains its value and original condition during transportation and storage.
The purpose of food packaging: to ensure the quality and safety of food; to provide convenience for users; to highlight the appearance and logo of commodity packaging to increase the value of commodities. Among them, preventing food deterioration and ensuring food quality and safety are important purposes of food packaging.
Packaging and resources and the environment
Fully consider the impact of the entire life cycle of packaging on resources, energy and the ecological environment. Realize the balance and unity of packaging functionality and environmental adaptability.
"Green packaging" refers to moderate packaging that can be recycled, recycled or degraded naturally, and will not cause harm to the human body and the environment throughout the product's life cycle.
5R and 1D principles of packaging:
Reduce (reduced packaging): reduce the use of packaging materials, save resources and energy; (prevent over-packaging. cost prohibitive)
Reuse (reuse): the packaging is processed and used again after use; (glass turnover bottle)
Recycle (recycling): packaging waste recycling, reprocessing and recycling; (paper aluminum cans)
Reclaim (unified recovery)
Refuse (refusing to use packaging products without environmental protection concept)
Degradable (degradable)
Standard system for evaluating packaging quality
The standard system for evaluating the quality of food packaging mainly considers the following six aspects:
Can provide good protection: physical, chemical, biological and other related protection
Hygiene and safety: refers to the safety and sanitation of packaging materials themselves and the impact of packaging waste on the environment
Convenience and marketability: provide convenience for storage, transportation, shelf display and use of commodities. Packaging should reflect the value and attractiveness of the product and promote the sale of the product.
