金属表面施涂混色油漆涂料工施工工艺标准适用于一般建筑钢门窗和金属表面施涂的普通、中级混色油漆涂料工程。
2.1 材料要求：
2.1.1 涂料：光油、清油、铅油、调合漆（磁性调合漆、油性调合漆）、清漆、醇酸清漆、醇酸磁漆、防锈漆（红丹防锈漆、铁红防锈漆）等。
2.1.2 填充料：石膏、大白、地板黄、红土子、黑烟子、纤维素等。
2.1.3 稀释剂：汽油、煤油、醇酸烯料、松香水、酒精等。
2.1.4 催干剂：钴催干剂等液料。
2.2 主要机具：
2.2.1 油刷、开刀、牛角板、油画笔、陶子（掏刷门窗扇上下口不易涂刷部位的工具）、洞丝箩、砂纸、纱布、腻子版、钢皮刮板、橡皮刮板、小油桶、油勺、半截大桶、水桶、钢丝钳子、小锤子、钢丝刷、高凳和脚手板、安全带等。
2.3 作业条件：
2.3.1 施工环境应通风良好，湿作业已完成并具备一定的强度。环境比较干燥。
2.3.2 大面积施工前应事先做样板间，经有关质量部门检查鉴定合格后，方可组织班组进行大面积施工。
2.3.3 施工前应对钢门窗和金属面外形进行检查，有变形不合格者，应拆换。
2.3.4 操作前应认真进行交接检查工作，并对残留问题进行妥善处理。
2.3.5 刷末道油漆涂料前，需要将玻璃全部安装好。
3.1 工艺流程：
基层处理 → 刮腻子 → 刷第一遍油漆 (刷铅油→抹腻子→磨砂纸→装玻璃) →
刷第二遍油漆 (刷铅油→擦玻璃、磨砂纸 → 刷最后一遍调合漆
以上是钢门窗和金属表面施涂混色油漆涂料中级做法的工艺流程。如果是普通混色油漆涂料工程，其做法与工艺基本相同，所不同之处，除少刷一遍油漆外，只找补腻子，不满刮腻子。如果是高级混色油漆涂料工程，其做法与工艺基本相同，所不同之处，需增加第二遍满刮腻子、磨光和刷第三遍涂料后，增加用水砂纸磨光、湿布擦净、刷第四遍涂料，即可成高级混色油漆涂料工程。
3.2 Base treatment: cleaning, derusting, frosting group. First, clean the floating soil, mortar, etc. on the steel doors, windows and metal surfaces. For steel doors, windows or metal surfaces that have been painted with anti-rust paint but have rust spots, use a spatula to remove the underlying anti-rust paint, then use a wire brush and emery cloth to effectively polish it clean, and then apply another layer of anti-rust paint. , Scrape and smooth the trachoma, pits, missing edges, joints, etc. on steel doors and windows or metal surfaces with gypsum putty (the weight ratio of metal surface putty is gypsum powder 20, cooked tung oil 5, oily putty or alkyd putty 10. Primer 7, appropriate amount of water. The putty should be adjusted so that it is not soft, not hard, no honeycomb, and it is advisable not to fall when picking wires). After the putty is completely dry, sand it with No. 1 sandpaper, and wipe off the powder on the surface with a damp cloth after sanding the sandpaper.
3.3 Scrape the putty: Use a knife or a squeegee to scrape the gypsum putty on the steel door, window or metal surface (the mix ratio is the same as above). After the putty is dry, sand it with No. 1 sandpaper, pay attention to protecting the edges and corners, and it is required to achieve a smooth surface, straight lines and corners, and uniformity.
3.4 Apply the first coat of paint:
3.4.1 Brushing lead oil (or alkyd matte blending paint): lead oil is made of colored lead oil, varnish, clear oil and gasoline. The mixing ratio is the same as before. dry agent. The consistency of the oil should be suitable for covering the bottom, not flowing, and not showing brush marks, and the color of the lead oil should conform to the color of the model. When brushing the lead oil, start painting from the left side of the upper part of the frame. When brushing the oil on the frame side, do not brush to the wall. Pay attention to the color separation inside and outside, the thickness should be uniform, and the brush pattern should be smooth. After finishing the bright sub, brush the lower half of the frame. When brushing the window sashes, if there are two windows, the left one should be painted first and then the right one; if there are three windows, the middle one should be painted last. After the outside of the window sash is completely brushed, hook it with a hook and then brush the inside.
When brushing the door, first brush the gloss, and then brush the door frame and the back of the door leaf. After brushing, use a wooden wedge to fix the lower opening of the door leaf. The paint wipes clean. It is necessary to focus on checking the corners of the line and the yin and yang corners for defects such as falling, missing brushes, wrapping edges, and bottoming out, and should be trimmed in time to achieve consistent color.
3.4.2 Applying putty: After the paint is completely dry, apply plaster putty to the shrinkage or incomplete parts of the bottom putty. The requirements are the same as before.
3.4.3 Sandpaper: After the putty is completely dry, sand it with No. 1 sandpaper. The requirements are the same as before. After grinding, wipe off the powder with a damp cloth.
3.4.4 Glass installation: see glass installation process standard for details.
3.5 Brush the second coat of paint:
3.5.1 Apply lead oil: Same as before.
3.5.2 Wipe the glass and sandpaper: Use a damp cloth to clean the inside and outside of the glass. Be careful not to damage the putty surface and splayed corners. The sandpaper should be lightly sanded with No. 1 sandpaper or old sandpaper, the method is the same as before, but be careful not to wear through the primer, and protect the edges and corners. The sandpaper should be cleaned after grinding, and the ground powder should be wiped clean with a damp cloth.
3.6 Brush the final blended paint: the method of brushing oil is the same as before. However, due to the high viscosity of the blended paint, it is necessary to brush more and more when painting, and the oil should be full, not flow or drop, uniform in brightness, and consistent in color. When brushing oil on glass putty, wait for the putty to reach a certain strength before proceeding. The brushing action should be quick, the brush should be light, and the oil should be uniform, so as not to damage the smooth surface of the putty, and the eight-character line should be seen. After brushing the paint, it is necessary to check it carefully immediately. If there is any defect, it should be repaired in time. Finally, open and fix the doors and windows with hooks or wooden wedges.
3.7 Winter construction: Indoor paint and coating projects in winter construction should be carried out under heating conditions, and the room temperature should be kept balanced. Generally, the ambient temperature of paint construction should not be lower than +10°C, and the relative humidity should be 60%, and sudden changes should not be allowed. At the same time, special personnel should be assigned to measure temperature and open and close doors and windows to facilitate ventilation and remove moisture.
4.1 Guarantee items:
4.1.1 The grade of paint and coating engineering and the quality of material varieties shall meet the requirements of design samples and the provisions of relevant standards.
4.1.2 Peeling, missed painting and anti-rust are strictly prohibited in paint and coating projects.
4.2 Basic items, see Table 9-39.
5.1 Before painting oil, the surrounding environment should be cleaned first to prevent dust from flying and affecting the quality of the paint.
5.2 After each coat of paint, the doors and windows should be hooked with hooks or fixed with wooden wedges to prevent the paint from sticking to the fan frame from affecting the quality and appearance, and at the same time prevent the door and window glass from being damaged.
5.3 Immediately wipe off the paint dripping on the ground or window sill and polluting the wall and hardware after brushing.
Table 9-39 Basic Items for Applying Mixed-color Paint Coatings to Intermediate Steel Doors, Windows and Metal Surfaces
Sub-item Ordinary coatings Intermediate coatings
1 The bottom is transparent, the flow is falling, and the wrinkled skin is large and the small surface is obvious.
2 Bright and smooth Large surface bright, smooth and bright, smooth and uniform
3 Color-separation wrapped corrugated large surface no, small surface allowable deviation 2mm large surface no large surface, small surface allowable deviation 1mm
4 The straight deviation of decorative line and color separation line is not more than 2mm, and the deviation is not more than 1mm
5. Uniform color and brush pattern Uniform color and smooth brush pattern
6 Hardware, glass, etc. are clean
注： 1. 大面是指门窗关闭后的里外面。
2. 小面明显处是指门窗开启后除大面外，视线所能见到的地方。
3. 涂刷无光涂，不检查光亮。
5.4 油漆涂料工程完成后，应派专人负责看管和管理，禁止摸碰。
6.1 漏刷、反锈：反锈一般多发生在钢门窗和金属表面等工程，其主要原因：一是产品在出厂前由于没认真除锈就涂刷防锈漆；二是由于运输和保管不好碰破了防锈漆；三是钢门窗或金属表面在安装之前，未认真进行检查，未补做除锈漆和涂刷防锈漆工作，后者是我们应注意的主要质量问题。
漏刷则多发生于钢门窗的上、下冒头和靠合页小面以及门窗框、压缝条的上、下端。其主要原因是内门扇安装没与油工配合好，故往往发生下冒头未刷油漆就安装门扇了，事后油工根本刷不了（除非把门扇合页卸下来重刷）；再有是钢纱门和钢纱窗，未预先把分色的铅油刷上就绷纱，加上把关不严等，往往有少刷一遍油漆的现象。其他漏刷问题主要是操作者不认真所致。
6.2 缺腻子、缺砂纸：一般多发生在合页槽、上下冒头、榫接头和钉孔、裂缝、节疤以及边棱残缺处等。主要原因是操作者未认真按照工艺规程去操作所致。
6.3 流坠、裹楞：主要原因有：l：一是由于漆料太稀，漆膜太厚或环境温度高、油漆干性慢等原因，都易造成流坠。是由于操作顺序和手法不当，尤其是门窗边核分色处，如一旦油量大和操作不注意，就往往容易造成流坠、裹楞。
6.4 刷纹明显：主要是油刷子小或抽刷子未泡开，刷毛发硬所致。应用合适的刷子，并把油刷用稀料泡软后使用。
6.5 皱纹：主要是漆质不好、兑配不均匀、溶剂挥发快或气温高、加催干剂等原因造成。
6.6 五金污染：除了操作要细和及时将小五金等污染处清擦干净外，应尽量把门锁、拉手和插销等后装（但可以事先把位置和门锁孔眼钻好），确保五金洁净美观。
6.7 倒光：由于钢门窗和金属屋面吸油快慢不均或表面不平，加上室内潮湿或底漆未干透及稀释剂过量等原因，都可能产生局部漆面失去光泽的倒光现象。本工艺标准应具备以下质量记录：
7.1 Factory certificate of paint and other materials.
7.2 The project quality inspection and evaluation form for this sub-item.
