The high-pressure homogenizer is one of the key equipment in the dairy production line, and it is used to homogenize materials in production. Because it is the key to product output, quality, and cost-effectiveness, and it also affects the normal operation of the entire production line. The conditions for choosing a Xinxin homogenizer should have sufficient flow, stable pressure, good homogenizer effect, durable wearing parts, and low noise. Low cost, energy saving, fuel saving, convenient operation and maintenance, etc. Combined with the scale of the project, product category and production process, the most satisfactory homogenizer should be selected comprehensively. In practice, the following main technical parameters should be grasped:
(1) Traffic. The flow rate means that the production flow rate is not less than the data indicated on the nameplate. Even when the pressure reaches the maximum value, the flow rate is not less than the data shown on the nameplate, so as to ensure the design requirements and normal operation of the production line. Under the condition of sufficient feed, the flow rate can be calculated by the flow formula. But there is a difference between the theoretical flow and the actual flow, so the size of the flow coefficient k depends on the structure, material, sealing material and sealing method of the homogenizer itself, and the processing accuracy. If the above conditions cannot be satisfied, severe internal and external leakage will result in the flow coefficient k being too low, resulting in congenital insufficient flow, resulting in excessive loss of long-term yield benefits.
(2) Pressure. The nameplate of the homogenizer is often marked with the maximum working pressure or the maximum test pressure, represented by P max. There is also a rated working pressure or continuous production pressure marked with P. In production practice, high-pressure homogenizers often advocate light-load work, and the rated working pressure P=0.8P max is taken. For example: the maximum pressure P max is 25 MPa, and the rated production pressure should be P≤20 MPa. Therefore, it is advisable to pay attention to the required production pressure when selecting the model; the pressure gauge indicates that the swing range is ≤0.5 MPa. Under the rated working pressure, as long as the process requirements are met and the quality is guaranteed, it is very beneficial to take a low pressure value to reduce energy consumption and prolong the service life and maintenance cycle of wearing parts.
(3) Homogenization effect. For the plunger pump high-pressure homogenizer, the key component to ensure the homogenization effect is the high-pressure homogenization valve. Under the same pressure, the structural form of the homogenizing valve, the flow channel, and the material of the valve determine the homogenizing effect, and are also determined by the manufacturer's design. The working end faces of the valve seat, valve stem, and collision ring of the homogeneous valve are easily eroded under high pressure conditions, and the processing and manufacturing are relatively difficult and the cost is high. Therefore, the shape of the high-pressure valve seat, valve core, collision ring and other parts It needs to be simple to facilitate processing, especially the manufacturer can easily repair it for reuse. At present, for high-pressure homogeneous valve parts, planar valves are generally used for this reason, and attention should be paid to the selection.
For milk, two parameters generally determine the homogenization effect, one is the particle size, and the other is the proportion of particles that reach the same particle size. According to the proportion of fat globules that reach the same particle size after homogenization, the effect of the homogenizer can be evaluated. When When the fat globule diameter is less than φ2 μm, the homogenization effect is excellent; when the fat globule diameter is less than φ2 μm, it is lower than 98%, and when the fat globule diameter is less than 2.5 μm, it is higher than 95%, the homogenization effect is good; if the fat globule diameter is 3 Below μm, when it is lower than 90%, the homogenization effect is poor, that is, the homogenization performance is not good.
The most intuitive method to judge the homogenization effect is the microscope method. Generally, an optical microscope is used at 1000 times or other appropriate magnifications, and the fat globules are directly measured in the field of view with the micrometer of the eyepiece and the spiral micrometer.
(4) Noise. The noise level is closely related to the equipment structure, processing accuracy, and installation conditions. There is currently no national standard in the homogenizer industry.
(5) Energy consumption. The energy consumption of the homogenizer is not only related to the production capacity of the homogenizer, but also related to the precision installation of the structure.
(6) Consumable parts. The wearing parts of the homogenizer are mainly valves, seals, plungers and so on. Due to the selection of materials and different processing techniques, the wearing parts may be different. When selecting equipment, only through comparison can the best be selected.
