Refractive index of some solid substances:
Most of the (mineral) compositions listed in the table below come from natural sources, their chemical composition may vary, and many raw materials are anisotropic. The effects of all or one of them lead to a range of indicated refractive index values; the surface roughness of non-transparent particles is usually calculated assuming that the imaginary part of the refractive index ranges from 0.01i to 0.1i. Thus, in the table below, the materials with asterisks (*) do not provide the value of the imaginary part of the refractive index in the literature, and the imaginary part of the refractive index is selected within the range of 0.01i to 0.1i.
| name | English name | Chemical formula/Characteristic description | Refractive index | |
| Real | imaginary part | |||
| Acetylene | Acetylene soot | 1.56-1.99 | 0.3-0.5 | |
| Aventurine (feldspar) | Feldrpar | 1.532-1.542 | * | |
| Aventurine (Quartz) | Quartz | 1.544-1.553 | * | |
| Shoushan stone, steatite | Agalmatoite | 1.55 | * | |
| agate | Agate | SiOn | 1.544-1.553 | * |
| Pyromanganese | Alabandite | MnS | 2.7 | * |
| Albite | Albite | NaAlSi3O8 | 1.525-1.536 | * |
| Alexandrite | Alexandrite | BeAl2O4 | 1.744-1.755 | * |
| Aluminum oxide | Alumina | Al2O3 | 1.765 | * |
| Aluminum oxide | Alumina | Al2O3 | 1.7 | * |
| Alumite | Aluminum | 1.46-1.47 | * | |
| aluminum | aluminum | Al | 1.48 | 3.9 |
| aluminum chloride | Aluminum chloride chloride chloride | AlCl3.6H2O | 1.56 | * |
| Al2Cl6 | ||||
| Aluminum oxide | Aluminum oxide | Al2O3 | 1.768 | * |
| Aluminum oxide | Aluminum oxide | Al2O3.H2O | 1.624 | * |
| alum stone | alunite | (K.Na)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6 | 1.57-1.59 | * |
| amazonite, green feldspar | amazonite | 1.525 | * | |
| amethyst | amethyst | SiO2.nH2O | 1.533-1.553 | * |
| Aluminum Ammonium Sulfate | Ammonium aluminum sulfate | NH4Al(SO4)2.12H2O | 1.459 | * |
| calcium ammonium phosphate | Ammonium calcium phosphat | NH4CaPaO4.7H2O | 1.561 | * |
| ammonium chloride | Ammonium chloride | NH4Cl | 1.642 | * |
| ammonium bicarbonate | Ammonium Hydrocarbonate | NH4HCO3 | 1.423 | * |
| ammonium hydrogen tartrate | ammonium hydroditrate | NH4HC4H4O6 | 1.561 | * |
| ammonium bisulfate | Ammonium hydrosulfate | NH4H2SO4 | 1.473 | * |
| Ammonium Hydrosulfide | Ammonium hydrosulfide | NH4HS | 1.74 | * |
| ammonium nitrate | Ammonium nitrate | NH4NO3 | 1.41 | * |
| Analcite | analcite | NaAl2Si2O8H2O | 1.48-1.49 | * |
| Anatase | anatase | TiO2 | 2.49-2.56 | * |
| Anhydrite | anhydrite | CaSO4 | 1.57-1.61 | * |
| lead sulfate ore | angle site | PbsO4 | 1.87 | * |
| sugar (sucrose) | Sugar (sucrose) | 1.54 | * | |
| starch | Starch | 1.53 | * | |
| carbon black, soot | Soot | 1.7 | 0.7 | |
| Zirconium silicate | Zirconium silicate | 1.97 | * | |
| Silicon carbide | Silicon carbide | SiC | 2.64-2.65 | * |
| silver | Silver | Ag | 0.2 | 19.5 |
| sapphire | Sapphire | Al2O3 | 1.764 | * |
| shell | Shell | 1.53-1.686 | * | |
| Quartz, crystal | Quartz | SiOn | 1.54-1.55 | * |
| Quartz, crystal | Quartz | a-SiO2 | 1.45-1.47 | * |
| natural silica | Quartz | SiO2 | 1.55 | * |
| Quartz, Crystal Violet | Quartz | 1.544-1.553 | * | |
| Quartz, crystal white | quartz | 1.544-1.553 | * | |
| Green Quartz | Qrase | 1.54-1.553 | * | |
| Magnesium oxide (periclase) | periclase | MgO | 1.735 | * |
| niobium | Niobium | Nb | 2.89 | * |
| Titanium dioxide | Octahedrite anatase | TiO2 | 2.554 | * |
| orthoclase | orthoclase | KAlSi3O8 | 1.52-1.54 | * |
| meerschaum | Meerschaum | 1.53 | * | |
| Mica | Mica | 1.53-1.70 | * | |
| Silicon carbide | Moissanite | Sic | 2.65-2.69 | * |
| Magnesium silicate | Magnesium silicate | 1.65 | * | |
| Chalite | Lanarkite | PbSO4.PbO | 1.93 | * |
| magnesium carbonate | Lansfordite | MgCO3.5H2O | 1.456 | * |
| lead dioxide | Lead dioxide | PbO2 | 2.3 | * |
| lead persulfate | Lead dithionate | PbS2O6.4H2O | 1.635 | * |
| silica | Lechatelierite | SiO2 | 1.45 | * |
| lime, calcium oxide | lime | CaO | 1.838 | * |
| illite, clay | Illite (clay) | 1.54-1.61 | * | |
| iridium | Iridium | Ir | 2.4 | * |
| iron | iron | Fe | 2.8 | * |
| Iron sulfate | Iron sulfate | Fe2(SO4)3 | 1.814 | * |
| black marble | Jet | 1.66 | * | |
| Aluminum Potassium Sulfate | kalinite | KAl(SO4)2.12H2O | 1.454 | * |
| ceramic clay | Kaolin clay | 1.64 | * | |
| Kaolinite (clay) | kaolinite | Al4Si4O10(OH)8 | 1.53-1.57 | * |
| graphite | Graphite | C | 1.8 | 0.6-0.8 |
| hafnium | Hafnium | f | 3.64 | * |
| Sodium chloride | Halite | NaCl | 1.544 | * |
| black manganese ore | Hausmannite | Mn3O4 | 2.46 | * |
| Hydromagnesite | Hydromagnesite | 1.527 | * | |
| ice, cylinder ice | Ice cylinders | 1.308 | * | |
| Garnet, Carborundum | Garnet | 1.71-1.89 | * | |
| Glass | glass | 1.44-1.9 | * | |
| borosilicate glass | Glass borosilicate | NIST-SRM 1820 | 1.487 | * |
| Bisilicate water stone glass | Glass heavy silicate flint | 1.65 | * | |
| soda lime glass | Glass soda lime | NIST-SRM 1822 | 1.529 | * |
| Super heavy silicate flint glass | Glass very Heavy Silicate Flint | 1.89 | * | |
| gold | gold | Au | 0.31 | 2.7 |
| copper | Copper | Cu | 0.47 | * |
| Cuprose | Cuprite | 2.705 | * | |
| Copper chloride | Copper chloride (ous) | Cu2O | 1.495 | * |
| Tin oxide | cussiterite | SnO2 | 1.977 | * |
| diamond, diamond | Diamond | C | 2.41-2.42 | * |
| Fang Jing | Cristoatite | SiO2 | 1.48 | * |
| dolomite, marble | dolomite | CaMg(CO3)2 | 1.50-1.68 | * |
| green calcite | Chloirocalcite | KCI.CaCI | 1.52 | * |
| chromium | Chromium | Cr | 1.8 | * |
| calcium fluoride | Calcium fluoride | CaF2 | 1.434 | * |
| Gypsum (Anhydrite) | CALCIUM SULFATE | CaSO4 | 1.569 | * |
| carbon black | Carbon black | C | 1.6-2.0 | * |
| Cellulose | Cellulose | 1.54 | * | |
| boric acid | Boracio acid | H3BO3 | 1.337-1.462 | * |
| boron oxide | Boron oxide | B2O3 | 1.63 | * |
| Borax | Borax | Na2B4O7.10H2O | 1.45-1.47 | * |
| boric acid | Boric acid | HBO2 | 1.62 | * |
| Brucite Magnesium Hydroxide | brucite | Mg(OH)2 | 1.56-1.60 | * |
| 方解石 | Calcite | CaCO3 | 1.49-1.66 | * |
| 碳酸钙 | Calcium carbonate | CaCO3 | 1.486-1.681 | * |
| 水纤菱镁矿 | Artinite | MfCO3.Mg(OH)2.3H2O | 1.489 | * |
| 光彩石 | augelite | 1.574-1.588 | * | |
| 蓝铜矿 | azurite | 2CuCO3Cu(OH)2 | 1.73 | * |
| 二氧化锆 | Baddeleyite | ZrO2 | 2.17 | * |
| 重晶石、硫酸钡 | Barite | BaSO4 | 1.64-1.65 | * |
| 醋酸钡 | Barium acetate | Ba(C2H3O2)2.H2O | 1.52 | * |
| 氯化钡 | Barium chloride | BaCl2 | 1.73 | * |
| 过二硫酸钡 | Barium dithionate | Ba(SO3)2.2H2O | 1.58 | * |
| 氟化钡 | Barium fluoride | BaF2 | 1.473 | * |
| 氧化钡 | Barium oxide | BaO | 1.9 | * |
| 硒化钡 | Barium selenide | BaSe | 2.26 | * |
| 硫化钡 | Barium sulfide | BaS | 2.15 | * |
| 钛酸钡 | Barium titanate | BaTrO3 | 2.4 | * |
| 铬酸钡 | Barium yellow | BaCrO4 | 1.94-1.98 | * |
| 碳酸钡 | Witherite | BaCO3 | 1.53-1.68 | * |
| 硅酸钙 | wollastonite | CaSiO3 | 1.62-1.65 | * |
| 硫化锌 | wurtzite | ZnS | 2.35 | * |
| 酵母 | yeast | 1.49-1.53 | * | |
| 硫酸钇 | Yttrium sulfate | Y2(SO4)8.8H2O | 1.543 | * |
| 硼酸锌 | Zinc borate | 1.59 | * | |
| 醋酸锌 | Zinc acetate | Zn(C2H3O2)2.2H2O | 1.494 | * |
| 氯化锌 | Zinc chloride | ZnCl2 | 1.681 | * |
| 氧化锌 | Zinc oxide | ZnO | 2.029 | * |
| 硒化锌 | Zinc selenide | ZnSe | 2.599 | * |
| 红锌矿 | zincite | 2.008 | * | |
| 硅酸锆,锆石 | zicon | Zr(NO3)4.5H2O | 1.92-2.02 | * |
| 二氧化钛 | Titanium dioxide | TiO2 | 2.6-2.9 | * |
| 四氯化钛 | Titanium tetrachloride | TiCl4 | 1.61 | * |
| 钛(多晶) | titanium | Ti | 2.01 | * |
| 黄玉(矿) | topaz | Al2SiO3(OH,F)2 | 1.61-1.64 | * |
| 电石 | tourmaline | 1.616-1.652 | * | |
| 透闪石 | tremolite | 1.6-1.62 | * | |
| 氧化硅 | tridymite | SiO | 1.469 | * |
| 钨 | tungsten | W | 3.54 | * |
| 钒 | vanadium | V | 2.31 | * |
| 磷铝石 | variscite | 1.55-1.59 | * | |
| 碳酸钙 | vaterite | CaCO3 | 1.55-1.65 | * |
| 蓝铁矿 | vivianite | Cu(C2H3O2)2.H2O | 1.58-1.627 | * |
| 蜂蜡 | Beeswax | 1.45-1.47 | * | |
| 铝酸铍 | Beryllium aluminate | 1.75 | * | |
| 硫 | Sulfur | S6 | 1.957 | * |
| 二氯化硫 | Sulfur dichloride | SCl2 | 1.557 | * |
| 一氯化硫 | Sulfur monochloride | S2Cl2 | 1.666 | * |
| 硫酸锰 | Szmikite | MnSO4.H2O | 1.562 | * |
| 钽 | Tantalum | Ta | 2.1 | * |
| 钽酸铁 | Tapiolite | Fe(TaO3)2 | 2.27 | * |
| 碲 | Tellurium | Te | 1.002 | * |
| 黑铜矿 | Tenorite | CuO | 2.63 | * |
| 溴化铊 | Thallium bromide | TlBr | 2.418 | * |
| 杆沸石 | Thomsonite | 1.53 | * | |
| 虎眼 | Tiger eye | 1.544-1.553 | * | |
| 方钠石 | Sodalite | 1.483 | * | |
| 钠 | sodium | Na | 4.22 | * |
| 石盐 | Rock salt | NaCl | 1.544/1.541 | * |
| 钯 | Palladium | Pd | 1.67 | * |
| 珍珠 | Pearl | 1.530-1.686 | * | |
| 橄榄石 | Peridot | 1.654-1.690 | * | |
| 钠长石 | Peristetite | 1.525-1.536 | * | |
| 有机玻璃 | Perspex | 1.495 | * | |
| 白磷 | Phosphorus white | P4 | 2.144 | * |
| 白金铂 | platinum | Pt | 1.83 | * |
| 铂 | Platinum | Pt | 2.23 | * |
| 铂 | Platinum | Pt | 2.2 | 2.1 |
| 聚醛 | Polyacetal | 1.51 | * | |
| 聚碳酸酯 | Polycarbonate | 1.59 | * | |
| 聚乙烯 | Polyethylene | 1.51 | * | |
| 高密聚乙烯 | Polyethylene,high | 1.54 | * | |
| 低密聚乙烯 | Polyethylene,low | 1.51 | * | |
| 草酸钾 | Potassium acid oxalate | KHC2O4 | 1.382 | * |
| 钼 | Molybdenum | Mo | 3.68 | * |
| 钠沸石 | natrolite | 1.48-1.493 | * | |
| manganese | manganese | mn | 2.47 | * |
| lead | lead | Pb | 2.6 | * |
| Aluminum oxide | hydra argilite | Al2O3.3H2O | 1.595 | * |
| Wolfite | Ferberite | FeWO4 | 2.4 | * |
| Bromite | Bromyrite | AgBr | 2.253 | * |
| Brookite | brookite | TiO2 | 2.58-2.70 | * |
