涂层的磨损测试应定期进行，并用作比较涂层机械性能的基础。这些测试评估表面涂层承受划痕或损坏的能力以及整体耐用性。
许多类型的研磨介质和处理用于测试，例如，快速和缓慢的运动，小或大的负载，高低温，恒定或间歇性接触。
常用的测试方法包括：
旋转轮法（泰伯磨刀）
落砂（磨料）法
喷砂法
加德纳湿法（与DIN 53778 T2中的乳胶漆一起使用）
旋转盘方式
旋转轮法
该测试方法可用于涂层的质量控制分析，并且可用于评估加工变量的影响，例如涂层前的基材制备，表面纹理，涂层技术变量或涂层后处理，其中任何一个都可能影响涂层对颗粒脱落的敏感性。
泰伯测试"，涂层应用于平面，刚性表面。测试试样安装在Taber Abraser转盘上，并在加权的CS-10或CS-17磨轮下以固定速度旋转。真空系统可清除测试过程中产生的任何松散碎屑。在每次测试之前和每500次循环之后，磨损轮毂都会用S-11换面盘重新铺设，以标准化砂轮表面。在测试结束时，耐磨性可以表示为：
磨损指数，在指定负载（500或1000g）下每指定转数（通常为1000）的重量损失。
每密耳的磨损次数，通过1密耳厚度的涂层磨损所需的循环次数;
失效周期，磨损涂层或暴露基材的测试周期数
与泰伯测试相关的常见标准：
ASTM F1978： 使用泰伯磨具测量金属热喷涂涂层耐磨性的标准测试方法
ASTM D4060： 泰伯磨具有机涂层耐磨性标准测试方法
ASTM D1044 - 19： Taber磨具透明塑料表面耐磨性标准测试方法
ISO 7784：油漆和清漆—耐磨性的测定
第1部分：使用砂纸覆盖的砂轮和旋转试样的方法
第2部分：使用磨料橡胶轮和旋转试样的方法
落砂（磨料）法
这些测试方法涵盖了有机涂层对磨损的耐磨损性的测定，这些磨损是由磨损落在施加到平面刚性表面（如金属或玻璃面板）上的涂层上产生的。
落砂试验是一种简单的耐磨测试方法。标准化的沙子被释放并通过管子引导到测试样品上。获得已知涂层厚度的总侵蚀所需的砂体积显示了耐磨性。
落砂法相关常用标准：
ASTM D968: Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings
No. 1164
Sandblasting
This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of organic coatings to abrasive blasting on coatings applied to planar rigid surfaces.
Common standards associated with shot blasting:
ASTM D7127: Standard Test Method for Measuring Roughness of Blast-Cleaned Metal Surfaces Using a Portable Stylus Instrument
ASTM D7055: Standard Practice for Preparation of Hot-Rolled Carbon Steel Sheets (Cleaned by Grit Blast) for Coating Testing
Gardner Wet
Abrasion resistance can be tested by wet abrading with a scouring medium or cleaning solution. Common applications are testing the scrub resistance of interior paints, floor tiles, shower stalls and furniture surfaces. The Gardner-scrub Abrasion Tester offers a versatile design for abrasion and wash resistance testing applications.
Common criteria associated with the Gardner wet abrasion method:
ASTM D2486: Standard Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Wall Coatings
ASTM D3450: Standard Test Method for Washing Resistance of Interior Architectural Coatings
ASTM D4213: Standard Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Coatings by Abrasion Weight Loss
ASTM D4828: Standard Test Method for Practical Wash Durability of Organic Coatings
ISO 11998: Paints and varnishes — Determination of wet scrub resistance and cleanability of coatings
DIN 53778: Emulsion paints for interior use; evaluation of cleanability and wash and scrub resistance of coatings
Scratch resistance test method
The scratch resistance test evaluates the ability of a surface coating to withstand scratching. A needle with a spherical steel point (specified diameter), carrying a predetermined weight, is lowered onto the paint film and pulled across the surface at a set speed.
This method has been used in the paint industry (and government regulations) for many years. Tests can be manipulated in two ways:
As a "pass or fail" test, using a specific weight of the material being tested
Or (when evaluating new materials) the load is increased until failure occurs
The unit consists of a horizontal sliding panel that is clamped to the slide plate, coated face up. The sliding panel moves under the needle tip at a rate of 3-4 cm per second. The "needle" itself consists of a shank to which an A1 grade steel ball with a diameter of 1 mm is welded. It is held in a bracket at the end of the fixed arm and is kept level by adjusting the length of the needle in the bracket. The weight is placed on the needle in the holder and the panel is activated.
A forward stroke gently lowers the needle onto the surface. The test requires a scratch of at least 6 cm. While manual and motor-driven equipment can be used for testing, the latter is optional as more reproducible results are obtained.
Scratch resistance test methods in commonly used standards :
ASTM D7027: Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Scratch Resistance of Polymeric Coatings and Plastics Using an Instrumented Scratch Machine
ASTM D7187: Standard Test Method for Measuring Mechanical Aspects of Scratch/Wear Behavior of Paint Coatings by Nano-Scratch
