轨道交通车辆所用的底色漆和罩光清漆涂层具有装饰和保护作用，它主要适用于施涂于地铁、有轨电车、普通（高速）列车等轨道交通车辆表面的水性涂料。我国对轨道交通车辆用底色漆和罩光清漆检测标准为 HG/T 5367.1-2018《轨道交通车辆用涂料》，今天我们就来介绍一下HG/T 5367.1-2018对轨道交通车辆用底色漆和罩光清漆检测的规定。
项目检测
1、在容器中状态：首先我们打开容器，用搅拌棒搅拌，测试过程中允许容器底部有沉淀。若经搅拌易于混合均匀，则评为“搅拌后均匀无硬块”。
2、适用期：我们将产品各组分的温度预调到(23±2)℃，按比例混合均匀，取250 mL、装入容量约300 mL、内径为(75±5)mm的塑料罐或玻璃瓶内并盖上盖子，放至规定时间，检查内容物。若无沉淀或搅拌后易于分散均匀，且与刚混合后相比黏度无明显增加，未出现胶化现象，涂膜颜色外观正常，且划格试验结果不下降，则评为“通过”。
3、细度、黏度：双组分涂料按规定比例混合后进行检验，不考虑稀释配比。
4、不挥发物含量：烘烤温度需调到(125±2)℃，烘烤时间为2h，称样量为(2±0.2)g算达标。
5、遮盖力：测试可得，黑色遮盖力≦45g/㎡，白色遮盖力≦120g/㎡，其他色遮盖力按实际情况，没有具体要求。
6、干燥时间：测试可得，表干≦2h，实干≦12算达标。
7、施工性能：如施工过程中无困难，则可认定为“施涂无障碍”。
8. The color and appearance of the coating film: After placing the sample for 24 hours, observe it visually under scattered sunlight. If the color tone of the coating film surface is uniform, there is no coating film pathological phenomenon, and there is no obvious difference in color compared with the agreed standard sample, it is rated as "normal".
9. Bending test: The test is available, and the bending degree of the base paint and varnish can reach 2/mm to meet the standard .
10. Cupping test: The test is available, and the cupping of the base paint and varnish ≥ 4/mm is considered to be up to the standard .
11. Cross-cut test: the test is available, and the cross-cut of the base paint and varnish ≦ 1 is considered to be up to the standard .
12. Pencil hardness: pencils should meet the requirements of high-grade graphite pencils in GB/T26704-2011. It can be obtained from the test that the hardness of the varnish is HB, which is considered to be up to the standard .
13. Solvent wiping resistance: the solvent is methyl ethyl ketone with chemical purity or above. If the coating film does not show the bottom or swell, it is rated as "pass".
14. Gloss: It can be tested, the index of varnish and two-component paint is 80 or according to the actual situation, there is no specific requirement .
15. Abrasion resistance: The test is available, and the abrasion resistance of the two-component coating reaches 30/mg.
16. Water resistance: The edge and back of the test panel should be sealed before testing. Immerse the test panel in water, take it out after the specified test time, and observe it visually under scattered sunlight. If at least 2 of the 3 test panels have no rust, blistering, cracking, peeling, powder falling, obvious discoloration, obvious loss of gloss and other coating film pathological phenomena, it is rated as "no abnormality".
17. Acid resistance and alkali resistance : Immerse the test panel in acid-resistant solution and alkali-resistant solution respectively , take it out after the specified test time, and observe visually under scattered sunlight. If at least 2 of the 3 test panels have no rust, blistering, cracking, peeling, powder falling, obvious discoloration, obvious loss of gloss and other coating film pathological phenomena, it is rated as "no abnormality".
18. Heat resistance: Put the test panel into the blast oven or high-temperature furnace at the specified temperature. After the specified test time is reached, take the test panel out of the blast oven or high-temperature furnace and let it cool to room temperature. If at least 2 of the 3 test panels have no rust, blistering, cracking, peeling, powder falling, obvious discoloration, obvious loss of gloss and other coating film pathological phenomena, it is rated as "no abnormality".
19. Stain resistance: It can be obtained from the test, and the stain resistance of the two-component coating is ≦ level 1, which is considered to be up to the standard .
20. High-low temperature cycle alternating test: it should be carried out in a programmable high-low temperature damp heat Test Chamber. The edge and back of the test panel shall be sealed before testing. The test conditions are: temperature (80±2)°C, relative humidity (95±5)%, keep for 4 hours, change temperature at 1°C/min to (-40±2)°C, at (-40±2)°C Keep it for 4 hours, with a temperature change rate of 1°C/min to a temperature of (80±2)°C and a relative humidity of (95±5)%, the above is a cycle. Take out the samples after testing according to the specified period, and observe visually under scattered sunlight. At least 2 of the 3 test panels shall not blister, rust, crack or fall off.
22. Artificial weather aging resistance test: the test can be obtained, and the artificial weather aging resistance (1000h)/level ≦ 2 of the two-component coating is considered to be up to the standard.
