The ISO 15184 standard "Paints and varnish - Determination of paint film Hardness by pencil test" specifies a method for determining paint film Hardness by pencil test. The test evaluates the scratch resistance and Hardness level of the paint film by scratching on the coating surface with pencils of different Hardness. The standard describes in detail the selection of pencil Hardness, the manner in which pressure is applied and the method of evaluating the test results. This method is simple and practical, and is widely used in quality control and product performance testing of coatings. By implementing this standard, the surface Hardness of coatings can be accurately assessed, ensuring their abrasion resistance and long-term performance in actual use.