GB/T 41074-2021 specifies the preparation method of powder samples for spectral (WDS) and energy spectrum (EDS) analysis in microbeam analysis. The standard elaborates on a series of steps from powder sample collection, pretreatment, to dispersion and fixation, and clarifies the operation points and precautions in each link, such as preventing powder agglomeration and ensuring uniform dispersion. By strictly following this standard for preparing samples, accurate and reliable data can be obtained during spectral and energy spectrum analysis, providing a solid foundation for material microscopic composition analysis, mass detection and related scientific research work, and promoting the effective application of microbeam analysis technology in many fields.